For this short, skills assignment, you'll be doing something very much like the last one:
Read a guide to learn some concepts, then complete a DIY "worksheet" in which you show these skills.
HERE'S THE GUIDE :) to SENTENCE COMBINING
The most important part of this brief assignment is to read, reread, work through, and study all the examples in this guide to "sentence combining." We will of course be spending MORE time on this during the first semester, but I'm assigning this now so that you have at least a solid working knowledge of these terms and concepts. That means you'll at least know all the terms, their definitions, their "basic" rules and errors, and how to identify these grammatical structures. Only their proper use and mastery will be left for you to practice and grow into.
Working in your favor: this guide is quite complete, filled with examples, all elaborately color-coded and annotated.
Also working for you: learning them now, and having some time to review, forget, restudy, and relearn, will really help you lock them in during the school year, giving you a head start that past students didn't have on these skills. Time is on your side.
NOW, by noon on Friday, August 5, post as a comment below:
Instructions for written assignment
Basic goal: use the techniques of sentence combining to create a DIY-"Worksheet" of 10 complex sentences that each use different combining techniques without violating any of the grammar problems (like misplaced modifiers) or style weaknesses of weak verbs, passive voice, etc.
For raw material, use any of the articles referred to by the Juniors in their reviews/summaries posted below. You may draw all your sentences from just one article, or from multiple ones.
Each of your ten sentences must:
+use at least one type of phrase from the list.
+use at least one type of dependent clause from the list.
+Link a "show" (a quote or detail from your source) to a summary, interpretation or generalization about the importance of that detail. (a "tell")
+include a label at the beginning that lists the techniques used, in order, using PC to indicate the primary clause.
DON'T:
-make all sentences the same pattern: all should vary their order and structure of elements
-repeatedly use only some techniques: use a different combination for each sentence so that you use all phrase and clause types at least 2x.
See my example on the first comment
42 comments:
3 examples, labeling
PC/app/inf/part/abs/AC/AdjC/NC:
Based on Leonard Pitts's critique of NewSouth Books for replacing the two hundred and nineteen “so-called N-words,” in the novel “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn."
PC interrupted by AC, P at end:
Pitts argues that by using the less potent word "slave," the editors “sugarcoat[ed]”the text, “censoring” one of America’s most commemorated authors.
PC, AC, AC:
Pitts additionally disputes the “wretched” way reading comprehension is taught in our modern world, as teachers shield children from the “nuances of a masterpiece" lest they find its surface features too disturbing.
AC(containing NC), PC , ABS:
Although Pitts realizes that the intentions of NewSouth are solely to make the controversial novel “politically correct,” he finds it “profoundly wrong,” the "reprehensible" word left obvious to readers anyway.”
Good Luck!
Based on “Think inside the Box” by Steven Woloshin and Lisa M. Schwartz
1. PC, AC, App:
Steven Woloshin and Lisa Schwartz, two writers for the New York Times, argue that people do not fully understand the medication they are taking because people are not given “plain English facts about their medication”.
2. Infinitive, PC, Noun Clause,
In order to prove their point Woloshin and Schwartz us Abilify as an example , which showed that fact boxes could change your decision whether to use a certain drug.
3.ac,participle,pc
Because stating that ads for drugs “generally… doesn’t tell” the patient “how well the drug works”, the authors imply that people often take supplementary drugs that do not necessarily help with their condition.
4.
pc, app, relative clause
The drugs, like abilify and other antidepressants, consumers take, which are free of “regulations” on the way their “information is presented”, often are sold without the patient understanding the side effects.
5. Participle, Infinitive,Pc,
Lacking the information the “government uses to approve medication” since it is very hard to find the possibly published facts, patients often do not know the specific benefits of their medication.
1. PC (with AC inside)/inf
Lebcrecht argues that although JK Rowling’s “Harry Potter” is a children’s book, “it’s a work of literature” that can be used to define a generation.
2. part/with PC separated with NC
Arguing that there are similarities between the two author’s lives and writing, Lebrecht points out that both Rowling and Dickens suffered the loss of parent.
3. PC with NC/inf
Lebrecht expands on the idea that Rowling and Dickens used their suffering as influence to enhance their writing.
4. part/PC/AC
Pointing out more interesting resemblance, Lebrecht states ‘Harry is a Dickens archetype” while comparing Rowling’s to Dickens’ work.
5. PC interrupted by NC with inf
The author concludes that Rowling's books will continue to be enjoyed by future generations, like Dickens' books were before them.
6. part/PC/NC
Crediting similar influences in the authors' lives, Lebrecht finds it fascinating that both Dickens and Rowling write about main characters that are orphans.
7. part/PC/inf
Finding more similarities between the two works, Lebrecht points out that both authors use onomatopoetic names for secondary characters to let the readers know "what kind of a person they are".
8. PC interrupted by adjC/inf
Both books, which highlight good personality qualities, use these ideas to positively shape the minds of children reading them.
9. AC/PC/inf-NC
While pointing out similarities in these two authors influences and main characters, and making the connection to the similarities in their writing, Lebrecht opens up readers' minds to the possibility that the same commonality exists in the general writing world.
10. part/NC with PC
Praising Rowling, Lebrecht says "that not since Dickens" has any author "excited such a universal interest" in reading.
Based on Dick Cavett's article "Waiting (And Waiting) in the Wings."
1. AC, APP, PC:
Although Dick Cavett, a writer and actor, does not appreciate the idea of an understudy going on for the lead actor, he quickly changes his mind when the “standby” gives a lovely performance.
2. INF, PC, AdjC:
To quell his disappointment, Cavett thinks of the other actor’s feelings, which gives him a new perspective on the situation.
3. PART, NC, PC:
Cavett, commenting on the show’s touchy subject of parodying religion, finds it ironic that the audience leaves feeling exhilarated and more open to faith.
4. APP,PC, AdjC:
Cavett greatly praises one of the show's leads, Andrew Rannells, whom he describes as “impeccable.”
5. PART, NC, PC:
Pondering whether the show could in fact, offend him, Cavett realizes that most negative criticism of the musical comes from those who have yet to experience it.
6. PC interrupted by NC, ABS, NC:
Cavett also states that “Mormon is not a show for dummies”, he himself believing that the musical contains “classical references enough to delight the well read and educated.”
7. AC, APP, PC:
Although considered by some to be vulgar, Cavett describes Trey Parker and Matt Stone, the creators of “Mormon,” as “intrepid” in their creation of a Broadway musical.
8. PART, PC, NC, AC:
Observing another critic’s opinion that the show appears “actor-proof,” Cavett argues that it seems this way because “there isn’t one clunker in the company.”
9. PART, NC, PC:
Applauding Gertner’s performance, the author concludes that the actor will, “not be a stand-by for long.”
10. INF, PC, ABS, AC:
To say that Cavett enjoys the show is an understatement, his appreciation appearing throughout the article in flattering bits of praise for not only the actors, but for everyone involved.
Dr. P--
I'm leaving for New York tomorrow and will have limited internet access for the next two weeks. Just letting you know in case of any re-do's.
10 Sentences Homework Assignment #2
Sentence 1 (AC/AB): Because “harnessing nuclear fusion” “will take significant investments from the government,” scientists are working carefully to perfect the fusion.
Sentence 2 (AC/ AP): The world transforming fusion energy is a great alternative to fossil fuels because it “generates zero greenhouse gases.”
Sentence 3 (AC/AP/IN): Eager scientists want to generate potential solutions to producing nuclear fusion because it’s one of the “most challenging sciences” yet.
Sentence 4 (AC): Although scientists from seven countries are researching nuclear fusion, they are still twenty years away from making the “first working fusion reactor.”
Sentence 5(Part/AP): Do to the lack of “political and economic will,” willing scientists have not been able to produce continuous fusion power.
Sentence 6(IN/AP): Former cop, Norm Stamper, believes that “the abuse of drugs” should be considered a medical matter rather than criminal.
Sentence 7(AC): because cops are “making more arrests for drug offenses than murders,” Mr. Stamper doesn’t feel safe.
Sentence 8(NC): By declaring that there is a “war on drugs,” cops have been put on the front line of battle, and as a result have been brutally murdered and even tortured.
Sentence 9(AdjC/AB): Cops, who are “sworn to protect the law,” have even ended up dealing drugs themselves.
Sentence 10(NC/Part): Legalizing drugs doesn’t mean that you won’t be punished if you commit a crime, it means that it would return “$69 billion a year” from taxes.
Based on "Television's Curse Was its Blessing" by Virginia Heffernan
PC/part (with abs)
1. Heffernan claims that Newton M. Minnow, commenting that "television is a vast wasteland," is the "best thing that's ever happened to [media]."
PC/NC/AdjC/inf
2. She argues that the comment, which challenged and insulted the media, encouraged it to prosper.
PC (containing app)/inf/NC
3. Broadcasters, eager to "prove [Minnow] wrong", created "nightly news programs on NBC and ABC," and educational programming like "Sesame Street," and "PBS" to state that television is not completely a "wasteland."
AC/PC/part at the end
4. While some broadcasters produced educational programming, others began "creating masterpieces" such as "Star Trek," and "Saturday Night Live," deciding that if they "work[ed] in a wasteland, they might as well live it up."
part/PC (containing app)
5. Hoping for success, one producer, Sherwood Schwartz, created the "golden age after the golden age" of television.
PC (interrupted by NC)/app/part
6. Heffernan states that the so-called "Minnow Curse" was soon expanded to not only television, but to the internet, developing what is now known as the "toxic [wasteland]" of "Screen culture."
AC (interrupted by PC)
7. Because of this, "media makers" have generated "not only unrivaled programming," but the "digital masterpieces" of "Google," "Youtube," "Facebook," "Wikipedia," and "Twitter."
PC (with AC)/AdjC
8. Heffernan credits Minnow for the growth and prosper of the media because he tested their ability to do better, which pushed them to become overall successful and powerful.
PC/abs/NC
9. Their "masterpieces" proving successful, the media is now one of the most influential aspects that affect everyday life.
PC (with NC)/abs
10. Heffernan claims that Minnow's "curse" has "served us well so far," the media prospering because of it.
Based off of MADYSUN KIRTPATTY’s summary on “How Harry Potter and J.K Rowling Saved Reading,” by Norman Lebrecht
1. AC/PC w/ inf
When Lebrecht compares the “personal lives” of the two spectacular authors, he is showing that to write realistic novels authors sometimes pull from their individual experiences.
2. App/PC w/ AdjC
J.K Rowling, a trendsetter for authors around the world, whose novels will “always exist to be read” has truthfully shaped our generation.
3. Part/PC w/ NC
Realizing the similarities between the two authors most famous characters, Lebrecht shows that readers are sometimes interested in the abandonment of orphans.
4. Part, with AdjC/ PC
While admiring Rowling whose “work defines a generation”, Lebrecht comments that “along side Dickens” her books will be enjoyed by generations to come.
5. AC with part/ PC
When pointing out the similarities between Rowling and Dickens, Lebrecht shows his interest in the loss of both of their parents.
6. AdjC with App/ PC
Dickens and Rowling, whose careers shaped the literature world into what it is today, have “parallels of multiple” which are very compelling.
7. ABS/PC with NC
Thankful for her work, Lebrecht praises Rowling for all that she did by “saving reading.”
8. AC/PC w/ inf
Because Dickens’ childhood consisted of years of child labor, he was led to becoming a “formidable social reformer, and a campaigner for children’s rights.”
9. AC with Part/ PC
When comparing the two works, Lebrecht states “Harry Potter is a Dickens archetype.”
10. App/AdjC w/ PC
Rowling and Dickens, two authors whose names will go down in history truly “excited a universal and immediate interest,” states Lebrecht.
Based on “Think Inside the Box” by STEVEN WOLOSHIN and LISA M. SCHWARTZ and “Banned from the Barn” by MARK BITTMAN
1. (AC/PC with Inf)While sunscreen manufacturers now provide clarification as to how well sunscreens actually protect against radiation, drug manufacturers have yet to present information regarding specific risks and benefits of their pharmaceuticals.
2. (Part/PC/Inf/AC) Just as nutritional information is presented simply on food products, drug manufacturers should list product information in a similarly straightforward way to ensure that consumers completely understand the side effects of pharmaceuticals.
3. (PC interrupted by AdjC/Inf) A drug fact box, which would provide medical information in a “standard, easy-to-read format”, would make drug information easier to understand for more people.
4. (PC interrupted by App/AC) People who take or are considering taking Abilify, a medication used to treat depression, would benefit from a drug fact box because the dangerous side effects of the drug would be easier to view.
5. (Inf/PC/NC) As of now, the only way to obtain drug information is through medical literature that may or may not be published and available to the public.
6. (AC/PC interrupted by App) While many people believe that drugs of the same type “work well for everyone”, the same drug, such as Abilify, can cause a variety of different side effects for different people.
7. (App/AdjC/PC/AC) Mark Bittman, author of “Banned from the Barn”, argues that the termination of Iowa’s ag-gag law, which would have made it illegal to take videos or photographs of farming facilities, was for the best so that the public would not be made completely blind to the goings-on of the agriculture industry.
8. (PC/NC/Inf) Bittman criticizes farms that house thousands of animals in cruel conditions to make it easier and more efficient to mass-produce animal products.
9. (Inf/PC/AC/Inf) To make it seem as though their animals were kept in passable living conditions, one farm quickly tidied up its barns since they had been expecting Bittman to visit and critique their farm.
10. (Abs/PC/Inf) Comparing Iowa’s agricultural system to China’s Health Ministry, Bittman describes how the Ministry has tried to “clamp down on news outlets that have ‘mislead’ the public about food safety issues.”
Summer Assignment 2!
These are based on Dahlia Lithwick’s report on over crowded prisions, “Show, Don’t Tell.”
Part, PC, AC
Recognizing that over crowded prisons aren’t “a new phenomena,” Lithwick states that lawyers don’t need “visual-aids,” since the supreme court could easily recognize the inmates treatment as a violation of “the Constitution’s ban on cruel and unusual punishment” if argued correctly.
Inf, PC, AC
To conclude her argument, Lithwick glamours at Jessica Silbey who states that lawyers use film and pictures to get the jury emotionally attached even though the judge will only base their “decision on the facts.”
Part, PC, APP
Belittling Kennedy’s “photo-tactic,” Lithwick describes the “three grainy black and white photographs as “to the opinion,” showing that the photos were completely unnecessary to his case.
These last three are based on Zachary B. Shemtob and David Lat’s debate on whether or not executions should be televised.
Part, PC, Inf
Arguing against the lawyers of the “condemned inmate” George DeYoung, Shemtob and Lat state that “executions in the U.S. ought to be made public” to allow the people to see the horrors of lethal injection.
PC, NC, AC
Shemtob and Lat later state, quite radically, that “voters should not have to rely on media” to find out what happens in an execution room since voters decide if lethal injection is “human.”
PC, AdjC, APP
Shemtob and Lat also state that “cameras record legislative sessions,” which discuss controversial issues, demonstrating that the government allows some rather depressing information out but not a man twitching to his death (sounds grim but, people should be aware of all the problems in our society.)
Based on Pat Muchmore’s dispute on scores viewed with little “intrinsic artistic merit,” in the New York Times article “Scoring Outside the Lines.”
PC, interrupted by Part, AC at the end:
Muchmore, combating Dennis DeSantis’s view that “Augenmusik (eye-music) is useless at best,” believes that though eye-music “require some amount of effort to read,” it provides inventive twists that turn score music into a visual piece of art.
AC, PC, ABS
Later, Muchmore complains that since Danielewski used “foot notes within footnotes,” different angled text, and a blue box foot note that “reads as if it were tunneling through the page” in his novel “House of Leaves” to paint a picture of a labyrinth with words (literally), Muchmore obviously finds it completely unreasonable that people such as DeDantis would reject Augenmusik, why would people reject Augenmusik if people see “word-fun” as entertaining.
PC, AdjC, NC
Furthermore, Muchmore comments that Augenmusik, which provides new opportunities for composers and artists alike, can truly “stand on it’s own” as if it were a traditional score, with all the same musicality.
Inf, PC, APP
Attempting to battle the status quo, Muchmore actually made his own Augenmusik, a circular piece of music, that “lost much of the visual simplicity” he originally intended his shape to have, making it more visually complex for art shows.
Eviola Assignment#2
Based on “Flawed Policy on Testing Drives Schools to Cheat” by Jesse Jackson Sr.
10 examples, labeling PC/app/inf/part/abs/AC/AdjC/NC:
PC interrupted by AC
+ 1) Rev. Jackson argues that the recent “disclosure of test altering practices”, such as grade changing and test tampering, are “revelations” that tie into the civil rights initiatives.
AC/ NC
+2) Although everyone agrees on the need for “closing the achievement gap”, the reliance on test scores and metric to measure success is causing cheating rather than educational advancement.
App/ NC/ AC
+3) Dr. Pedro Noguera, educator/activist of NYU, protests “ [current] dropout rates of 50% and higher is the clearest evidence that the policy has failed” illustrating that No Child Left Behind is flawed.
PC, AC
+4) Jackson additionally attacks the Obama Administration’s “approach” to education, as it places a high value on competition for funding rather than on the “premium of competence”.
NC interrupted by app, AC
+5) Jackson accuses NCLB and Race to the Top, both top-down policies, as “incentives” to manipulate and alter student performance.
Inf/ NC/AC
+6) To further attack NCLB, Noguera suggests scrapping the policy altogether along with Race to the top.
AC/NC/P
+7) When pointing out the many flaws of our education system, Jackson points out that test scores used to evaluate teacher performance have made teachers an “unfair target” due to the unreliability of such results.
PC/AdjC/ AC
+8) According to Jackson many schools which don’t meet the NCLB test scores standards are denied federal funding and eventually end up teaching to the test in order to survive.
NC/AC
+9) Rev. Jesse Jackson suggests that “true educational excellence” should not be at the expense of our youth, but instead we should throw out the notion of that “numbers and reports” are an accurate measure of education.
App/PC/AC
+10) A committed advocate for civil rights, Rev. Jackson pleads with Americans to see how “wrong it is at every level” when we measure education according to metric and numbers.
Based on The Secret Garden by Frances Hodgson Burnett.
1. part/with PC separated with NC
Arguing that Mary and Archibald are very different, the author points out that Archibald and Mary both suffered losses in which their close family members died suddenly.
2. PC (with AC inside)/inf
Dicken argues that although the garden may look dead, it is "wick" and can be brought back to life again.
3. PC interrupted by NC with inf
The author concludes that Mary is good for Colin, and she is also good for Archibald, which his brother had argued against.
4. AC(containing NC), PC , ABS:
Although Mary realizes that the intentions of Archibald's brother are to make him the head master of the house, she does not point it out right away.
5. part/PC/inf
Finding that Mary and Archibald have more similarities than expected, the other people of the house want to keep them away from each other.
6. PC interrupted by AC
Archibald argues that Mary isn't good for Colin's health, which causes him to carry out irrational acts to get rid of Mary, such as sending her away to a school.
7. PC with NC/inf
The author writes the book on the theme that Mary and Archibald are scared to share their feelings with others in order to hide their suffering, and to not lose anymore than they already have.
8. AC/PC/inf-NC
While pointing out the weaknesses in Archibald, The author introduces Colin, a huge weakness for Archibald, but also something that can help him overcome his suffering.
9. PC interrupted by adjC/inf
Both Colin and Dicken, which both show optimistic personality traits, use their optimism to try to help Mary find light within her deep suffering.
10. part/PC (containing app)
Hoping for success, Mary, after following Dickens advice, cares for the garden and brings it back to life again.
Based on ‘How J.K. Rowling and Harry Potter Saved Reading’ by Norman Lebrecht:
AC/ APP/INF/PC/NC
Lebracht explains that Harry Potter, an orphan alone in a world of “Muggles”, truly begins his story when he boards a train at platform 9¾ of Kings Cross Station, London to find acceptance as a wizard.
Part/APP/ABS
Comparing Harry to Oliver Twist, one of Dickens’s well known protagonists, Lebraught describes the pair of unlikely heroes as two of the “most celebrated orphan[s] in world literature”.
PC/NC/AC
When arguing that J.K’s protagonist is a Dickensian archetype, Lebraught voices that Harry is “a child of cruelty who inspires...to make a better world,”.
PC/NC interrupted by AC/APP
Sadly, Lebracht reports that because of the constrictions all of Hollywood presents, such as set, sound, and stereotyped character, “much of Harry Potter’s iconclasm disappears on film”.
INF/AC/ABS
Lebracht praises “Harry Potter”, describing it as an inspiring tale that allows average children all over the world to dream about fulfilling their greatest desires in such an adventurous and whimsical environment.
PC/INF/NC interrupted by AC/APP
Lebracht additionally explains that, likely because of all her success, J.K. Rowling will continue to birth new “future ventures”, listing the website world of harry potter, Pottermore, as an example.
PC/NC interrupted by AC/Part/ABS/APP
Supporting the idea that “J.K. Rowling trumped the machine-tooled dream factories”, Norman Lebracht argues that by having the books come before the movies, many children will forever imagine Harry Potter as quite different from the actor who plays him, Daniel Radcliffe.
PC/APP within Part/AdjC/NC
Following J.K’s timeline, Lebracht reveals that the idea for a series of novels, which were based on the boy wizard so familiar to us now, were conceived on a train ride from London to Manchester.
AC/AdjC
J.K Rowling’s story, Lebracht describes, captivates her audience “from the opening page of the first book” by engaging readers with Harry's child's-eye view of a world that is “ruled by imbeciles and malefactors,”.
APP/Part with INF/ABS
Lebraught, striving to commend Rowling for her success, describes her as “the closest any other author gets..to creating and sustaining a fantasy/reality world [as] Mark Twain in the Tom Sawyer novels,”.
AC ,app, PC (containing abs)
Because “Obama”, our president, “faces two massive problems, jobs and debt,” he is working to fix these problems.
PC (containing app), AC, Abs
Obama, who initially won the Nobel peace prize, hasn’t completely withdrawn from Iraq and Afghanistan, although he promised to.
AC, app PC
Because “we’re in the midst of a four year national debate, on the size and reach of government,” we must come to a speedy conclusion.
AC, PC (containing inf)
Since “under our constitutional system no one can govern from one house alone,” the elected officials must learn to work together.
PC AC (Containing app and NC), inf
It can be inferred that Latinos will continue to add to the value and growth of the California housing market, Since Peter Schrag, a reporter from the LA times, wrote that “Latino homeowners in the state increased by nearly 384,000, accounting for more than 78% of the growth in California's homeownership.”
AC, app PC
Since “Over the last 10 years, for instance, the white share of the population of Echo Park grew from 13% to 23%,” the white population will most likely continue growing in Echo Park.
PC, AdjC, abs
“The urban experience was once characterized by serendipity and the clash of high and low,” which occurred in the areas of both class and culture, this experience is now characterized by the separation of the classes.
AC (containing NC) PC (containing part) Although Gregory Rodriguez believes that “the more profound shift in the U.S. urban experience will be cultural,” believing and knowing are two very different things.
PC (containing app) AdjC
“Atlanta, long a stronghold for the African American middle class, is projected to lose its black majority this decade” this decrease could lead to an increase in African Americans in other cities.
PC (containing app),NC
“New Orleans, which prided itself on being overwhelmingly African American, has seen the percentage of black residents drop precipitously,” it is difficult to judge whether this will impact will trigger a decline in African American residents across the US.
AC ,app, PC (containing abs)
Because “Obama”, our president, “faces two massive problems, jobs and debt,” he is working to fix these problems.
PC (containing app), AC, Abs
Obama ,who initially won the Nobel peace prize, hasn’t completely withdrawn from Iraq and Afghanistan, although he promised to.
AC, app PC Because “we’re in the midst of a four year national debate, on the size and reach of government,” we must come to a speedy conclusion.
AC, PC(containing inf)
Since “under our constitutional system no one can govern from one house alone,” the elected officials must learn to work together.
PC AC (Containing app and NC), inf
It can be inferred that Latinos will continue to add to the value and growth of the California housing market, Since Peter Schrag, a reporter from the LA times, wrote that “Latino homeowners in the state increased by nearly 384,000, accounting for more than 78% of the growth in California's homeownership.”
AC, app PC
Since “Over the last 10 years, for instance, the white share of the population of Echo Park grew from 13% to 23%,” the white population will most likely continue growing in echo park.
PC, AdjC, abs
“The urban experience was once characterized by serendipity and the clash of high and low,” which occurred in the areas of both class and culture, this experience is now characterized by the separation of the classes.
AC (containing NC) PC (containing part)
Although Gregory Rodriguez believes that “the more profound shift in the U.S. urban experience will be cultural,” believing and knowing are two very different things.
PC (containing app) AdjC
“Atlanta, long a stronghold for the African American middle class, is projected to lose its black majority this decade” this decrease could lead to an increase in African Americans in other cities.
PC (containing app), NC
“New Orleans, which prided itself on being overwhelmingly African American, has seen the percentage of black residents drop precipitously,” it is difficult to judge whether this will impact will trigger a decline in African American residents across the US.
Based on Dick Cavett's article "Waiting (And Waiting) in the Wings."
1. APP/NC: Dick Cavett, finally obtaining tickets to a remarkably sold-out Broadway show, enters the theatre only to learn that an understudy is taking the stage that evening.
2. Abs/NC: Cavett read incredible reviews of the absent actor, the praises making him frustrated that he wouldn’t see the “wonderful comic actor” he had paid to see.
3. APP: Cavett’s disappointment and frustration quickly fade away as Jared Gertner, a delightfully funny standby for the lead role, takes the stage.
4. APP/NC/Abs: Cavett, impressed by Gertner’s talent, knew that he wouldn’t be an understudy for long; predicting that he will soon star in his own show.
5. AC/APP/NC: Although Cavett, an avid theatre lover, was excited to see the show, he worried that the potentially offensive jokes would affect him.
6. APP/AC: Learning that “The Book Of Mormon contains profanity, dirty jokes, and wildly inappropriate humor, Cavett, a very curious and slightly concerned audience member, worries it might offend those who are more sensitive.
7. APP/NC: Cavett, an honest but humorous critic, jokes that the only physical danger of seeing the show is that you might “laugh your head off” at the both heartwarming and hilarious piece of art.
8. APP/NC: The actors on stage, bold and exhilarating, leave the audience mesmerized and wanting more of the brilliant show that Trey Parker and Matt Stone brought to life.
9. Abs: Cavett watches the actors have the time of their lives onstage, their performances making it hard for him to leave without feeling “exhilarated” and “renewed.”
10. AC/APP: Although Cavett was initially worried that Gertner, an understudy filling in for a large role, would not be able to fill those shoes, he was taken aback and enjoyed the performance.
Infinitive, Noun Clause
Stamper asserts that drug use is a right of adult Americans, whether or not the government accepts it.
Adjective Clause, Appositives
Drug reforms, while reducing crime, will make Police Officer’s careers safer and more rewarding.
Adverb Clause, absolute
Since drug users are not “about to stop, no matter what the government says” we need to accept drug use as a right of Adults.
Absolute, Adjective Clause
The author believes, with reforms on the dealing and handling of drugs, that legalizing drugs can lead to a substansial reduction in crime.
Adverb Clause, Appositive
Norm Stamper, a veteran police officer, believes that all drugs should be legal in the U.S. since he’s seen the devastation of residential areas caused by Drug Markets.
Infinitives, Adjective Clause
Stamper wants the nation to reconsider the “drug war,” which he thinks is the cause of all drug related crimes.
Particible, Noun Phrase
Condemning the war on drugs, Stamper claims that the demand for illegal drugs is not going away.
Infinitive Phrase, adjective clause
Stamper suggests a series of reforms and regulations, which he thinks will end drug related crime
Adverb Clause, Infinitive
Since prohibition was such “a clear mistake,” Stamper thinks Americans need to stop trying to do the same with drugs.
Adverb Clause, Absolute
Since more arrests are made for drugs than any other crime, without them Americans would save billions on incarceration related expenses.
Based on “Obama like FDR? Not at all, it turns out.” By Alexander Heffner
1) PC, interrupted by app, AC
According to Alexander Heffner, Barack Obama, became the second coming of FDR, since Times magazine featured him “smiling and FDR-like, smoking a cigarette in a 1930s roadster.”
2) PC, interrupted by inf, AdjC
Obama needs to do what FDR did, which means he has to “make America capitalism stabler and less savage.
3) PC, interrupted by part, AC
Obama may have resembled any of his “43 predecessors,” however this excluded Roosevelt.
4) PC, AC interrupted by app
H.W. Brands said “Americans were willing to give FDR that luxury,” however, Americans didn’t think Obama, our first black president, deserved such an amenity.
5) abs, PC, interrupted by app, NC
When he “threw the stimulus money at the states,” Obama, who made a poor decision, brought the economy down even lower.
6) par, interrupted PC/NC
Obama, renowned for his “steps for universal health coverage,” took steps in the wrong direction, whether he has aware of it or not.
7) AC/PC, inf
Even if Roosevelt had a “killer instinct,” Obama had to get one before the economy feel.
8) PC interrupted by NC, app
Heffner states that “the economy may not have been bad enough for Obama to have the opportunity to launch truly transformational reforms,” even though Obama, our current president, took his own path towards failure.
9) AC/PC interrupted by abs
If Obama managed to succeed in making American capitalism less savage, he would “establish a Democratic majority that dominates U.S. politics for a generation,” his reputation would soar.
10) PC/AdjC interrupted by app
Obama “suffers from a shortage of testosterone” which means he never could be compared to FDR, the father of reform.
Based on "California's Future Homeowners" by Peter Schrag http://www.latimes.com/news/opinion/commentary/la-oe-schrag-immigrants-20110727,0,2305335.story
1.) The PC is cut of by the app which is also a AdjC: The author, who says “we will need immigrants… to fill the jobs”, clearly approves of immigration.
2.) PC, part, NC, inf, NC: Dowell “predicted… four years ago” that Americans would need to worry less about immigration and more about education, showing that even back then there were signs that we were putting our efforts into the wrong place.
3.) PC interrupted by app, NC, inf: Myers, the author of "Immigrants and Boomers: Forging a New Social Contract for the Future of America", believes that after “millions of baby boomers… retire” we will need new people to fill their place.
4.) Part, PC, NC, inf: Insisting that there aren’t enough citizens to fill all the jobs, Myers believed that “a large percent of” the retirees’ replacements will “have to be immigrants”.
5.) AC, PC interrupted by app: Because “immigrants will compose most of California and the USA”, Myres, the author, says we will need their cooperation.
6.) AC, PC, AdjC, inf: Myer explains that because Mexico’s decreasing birthrate will “slow down the growth of its labor force”, the “pressure to emigrate” will be reduced, which will leave the USA without as many immigrants to give the (future) recently opened jobs to.
7.) PC, NC, abs, NC: Myers believes that “the biggest issue of the next decade” isn’t preventing immigration, instead he feels that we should be “helping immigrants” get an education so they can assist our country.
8.) PC, AC, abs: The author says that “the number of older white homeowners is decreasing”, because Latinos are buying out their homes instead of “younger whites”.
9.) Part, PC, NC, inf, NC inf: Worrying that “beginning this decade” baby boomers will start to retire, the author frets that they will leave too many spaces behind them to fill.
10.) PC, AC, app: Myers worries that we wont have anyone with “the job skills to replace [the] retiring baby boomers” since we aren’t educating our immigrants, who would be more than pleased to get the work.
Summer Assingment #2
1. AC w/ INF, PC
In order to aid his argument, Gregory Rodriguez presents statistics about Washington’s decreasing black community.
2. AC, absolute P in the PC
After researching extensively, Schrag recognizes the “dramatic generational and ethnic changes” in home ownership in California.
3. appositive, NC in PC
Voters, concerned by the large “ethnic gap”, are apprehensive to support taxes that they know pay for education, social welfare and health programs, benefiting young immigrants.
4. participle, PC separated by an adj. C,
Taking a rather liberal side, Schrag, who is an optimistic man, reasons the U.S. should put their time and energy towards “opening opportunities” such as jobs and education for immigrants rather than closing the border.
5. NC & inf. In PC
What Schrag wants to do is to encourage California to open the border to allow immigrants to be able to take job opportunities and further their education.
6.participle, appositive in PC
Fighting for something that has a fundamental role in Western culture, Ryan Linkof, a journalist, argues why we need tabloids even though they “can be irritating, provocative, ethically questionable and even …highly illegal”.
7. AD, NC in a PC
Because “the tabloids certainly never claimed to be tasteful”, Linkof believes that they are able to fulfill the public’s imminent yearning to hear a gossip story that goes “behind the façade of public life”.
8. NC & appositive in PC
Linkof, the writer, also explains that the tabloids “exist to break down the barriers of access that keep social elites at a remove from ordinary people.
9.AD, appositive in PC
Since they are always there to push and prod the limits of journalism, tabloids, consistently full of mere gossip, can help to “migrate some of the central tensions in democratic society”.
10. appositive and NC in a PC
Ryan Linkof, a prodding journalist, believes that tabloids will always remain a ”basic feature of popular culture in the west”.
Based on Alexander Heffner article, “Obama like FDR? Not at all, it turns out.”
AC interrupted by App/PC
When Heffner stated that our 44th president, Barack Obama, held the position to become the “second coming of Franklin D. Roosevelt”, it soon led to the beliefs that Obama had to live up to the previous expectations of our great president.
Part interrupted by App/PC
Disappointed with the actions of Obama “put[ting] cuts to Social Security on the table as part of debt negotiations”, the mass population, under certain impressions, nixed FDR as a possible candidate for him to model.
PC interrupted by Inf/AC
FDR made efforts that managed to “[transform] citizens’ convictions [… and their] expectations” towards the government, provided that the Reagan revolution and George W Bush’s didn’t happen.
PC with App/AdjC
The journalist pointed out that “Obama and his advisers seem[ed] to believe” that the Recover and Reinvestment Act of 2009, a direct response to the economic crisis, would offer a boost in the economy, which actually became neither a bold nor persistent experiment.
Inf/PC/AC w NC
To assure the American citizens, FDR asserted that he “[was] prepared under [his] constitutional duty to recommend the measures that a stricken nation…may require”, however, it was obvious that Obama showed no such promise.
Abs interrupted w NC/ PC
H.W. Brands questioned whether Obama had the capability to pull America out of the dumps, his insecurities based off of Roosevelt’s “carte blanche to rectify the economy…after the country became in full-blown depression”.
App/AdjC/PC
Jean E Smith, a prolific biographer, notes that “the killer instinct”, which helped “FDR [recognize] that presidency was an adversarial endeavor”, a trait that Obama does not possess.
Inf/PC/NC
To build to the irony of his situation, Obama made a decision of “embrac[ing] of budget cuts” that placed him in a similar situation of FDR years ago.
Inf/PC interrupted w AdjC
To avoid superficial similarities between FDR and Obama that would be brought up between debates, Heffner identifies the differences between their political personas which presented themselves as “projecting fierce emotion and … cool [rational].”
PC/ w App/AC
Blaming the president for his own depravity, the writer, Heffner stated that Obama missed the chance to reform “by not adopting bold initiatives” when it was given.
1. Part/PC/inf
While working for the Globe tabloid in the 1990’s, Shapiro witnessed reporters using various “tactics” such as “bribery” and “unauthorized wiretapping” to obtain the information they need.
2. PC(containing NC)/ inf
Shapiro states that these reporters justify these “tactics” by believing that they are “avengers for the working class” working to expose the rich and famous.
3. Part/PC/AC
While covering on the JonBenet Ramsey murder case, Shapiro reported his editors to the FBI after witnessing his editors “blackmail” a police detective.
4.PC/inf/AC
Shapiro testified against his editors only to find that the charges had later been dropped to a $100,000 dollar contribution to a journalism program and an "admission" that the tabloid "had acted unethically."
5.AC( containing PC)/inf
Although the FBI handle numerous cases involving "misconduct" by the press, they are unable "to do anything" because the US attorneys office "shuts [them] down" because of the 1st Amendment.
6.PC interrupted by App./ inf
Shapiro, a former journalist, decided to go to law school as
a prosecutor to handle 1st Amendment cases.
7.AC containing PC/ inf
Although Shapiro "secured a conviction" on almost every case,
every protester to assert the "1st Amendment defense" never served "a day" in jail.
8. PC with NC/app.
Shapiro argues that The 1st Amendment shields "criminals,” who "misrepresent" themselves as “journalists and activists,” from being convicted for their crimes.
9.part/PC/inf
Arguing that the problem is not just "judicial weakness" or "ineffectual prosecution," Shapiro states that the main "problem"
is that the nation refuses to accept that something "can be criminal when it involves expression."
10.Part containing NC/inf
Writing that "crime is crime," Shapiro states that Tabloid journalism "uses illegal tactics" and should not have the right to hide behind the 1st Amendment.
Summer Skills Assignment #2: Sentence Combining
Based on “Tabloids Don't Deserve the 1st Amendment,” by Jeffrey Scott Shapiro, “Why We Need the Tabloids” by RYAN LINKOF, “Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior”
By Amy Chua, and “The Cloud That Ate Your Music” by Jon Pareles.
1. (App, PC, inf, AdjC) A strict, determined mother, Chua “used every weapon and tactic she could think of” to get her daughter to study the piano piece, which frustrated her daughter.
2. (PART, NC, PC) Believing that her daughter’s strength surpasses what any mocking could do to her daughter, Chua affirms that “the solution to substandard performance is always to excoriate, punish and shame the child.”
3. (Inf, PC, AdjC) To avoid confusion, Chua explains that when she says “Chinese parents,” she also means “Korean, Indian, Jamaican, Irish and Ghanaian” parents, which specifies that the style of parenting, not the parents’ race, determine success for a child.
4. (AC, PC, PART) Though often using illegal tactics to get information, tabloids often break important stories first, proving a greater function than to “merely peddl[e] insignificant gossip.”
5. (PART, PC, AdjC) “Break[ing] down the barriers of access” to the social elite, tabloids provide a window to other lifestyles for “ordinary people,” which ensures an important place in America’s culture.
6. (Abs, PC, AC) In pain after a loved one’s publicized death, “ordinary people have joined the ranks of [tabloid’s] victims,” since illegal activity used against them ensured the tabloid’s story.
7. (AC, PC, inf) Although working for the editors themselves, Shapiro reported them for “attempted extortion of a police detective,” to punish the editors’ lawbreaking.
8. (App, NC, PC) A former tabloid reporter and current practitioner of media law, the author believes that “the judicial system is too quick to bow before the 1st Amendment.”
9. (Abs, PC, AC) In excitement over new digital music possibilities, Pareles explains that the internet “hugely multiplies the potential audience” for music, though “dematerializing recorded music has consequences.”
10. (PART, PC, AdjC, App, ) Trivializing songs, “infinite supply, constant availability, suboptimum sound quality and the intangibility” mar the specialness of each artist’s work, which creates a jaded, spoiled atmosphere for music listeners.
1. PC/Adj.C/AC
Christopher Hitchens attacks religion and faith while using examples from his book, “God is Not Great”, to illustrate his points.
2. part/PC
Establishing his opinion that religion “wholly misrepresents” the stories that could explain origins, Hitchens argues that religion also promotes conflicting concepts.
3. part/PC/NC
When stating that “atheism is altogether better”, Hitchens explains that those who do not follow a religion pursue ideas for “ideas’ sake”.
4. PC/Adj.C
Hitchens maintains that religion, which is ultimately based on “wish thinking”, is the cause and result of sexual repression.
5. PC/NC/inf
Admitting that even atheists are not “immune to the lure of wonder and mystery and awe”, Hitchens concedes that literature, instead of scripture, “feeds the soul” of people not involved with religion.
6.PC/AC
When he found that “it takes far too much effort for individuals to continue affirming the ‘incredible’", Hitchens began to directly attack the idea of God.
7. PC/Adj.C
Contrary to the positive benefits most achieve from religion, Hitchens points out that “religion has caused innumerable people not just to conduct themselves no better than others but to behave in ways that would make a brothel keeper or an ethnic cleanser raise and eyebrow”, which is part of his reasoning that atheists act in manners that are “superior to faith”.
8. PC/part
An idea presented by Richard Sennets is that in order to be a dependable “voice for reform” and to maintain credibility, politicians must think progressively.
9. PC/Adj.C
Zachary Shemtob argues that American executions, despite their “painless” effects, should be televised in order to “show the American public what their taxes pay for”.
10. PC/AC
Because of his own “conflicted feelings of the death penalty”, Shemtob believes that “a democracy demands a citizenry as informed as possible about the costs and benefits of society’s ultimate punishment.”
Phrases and Clauses Grammar Worksheet Based on HOW HARRY POTTER AND J.K. ROWLING SAVED READING By, Norman Lebrecht
(part, AC (containing a NC), PC (interrupted by app, inf, part))
1. According to Norman Lebrecht, because 1997 studies showed that kids “had ceased reading; full stop”, for J.K Rowling, an aspiring author, to publish a children’s book, appeared a waste of time.
(NC (containing AC) PC, part)
2. Lebrecht states that after twelve publishers rejected Harry Potter, only “five hundred copies” actually made print, proving that publishers thought J.K Rowling’s book just another flop.
(abs, PC, AdjC)
3. Scholastic seeing potential in J.K Rowling’s book, paid $105,000 for print of the book in the USA, which Lebrecht saw as “a record advance for a children’s book”.
(AC, PC, app, part (containing NC))
4. Lebrecht recalls when J.K Rowling released her third book; there was a midnight showing, “a news-leading event”, certifying that Harry Potter had become a hit.
(abs, PC (interrupted by part), AdjC (containing NC))
5. J.K Rowling publishing her seventh book, earned her, according to Lebrecht, “the fastest selling book on record”, which assured that audiences adored her work.
(AC (containing inf)app, PC)
6. Because J.K Rowling wanted to publish her book in sixty seven languages, “more than any printed work apart from the Bible”, Lebrecht believes that various cultures can relate to Harry Potter.
7. (PC, AC (interrupted by NC), part)Lebretch notices Rowling is the only writer since Dickenson that received “universal and immediate interest”, making her one of the best writers of the century.
(abs, PC (interrupted by NC), adjC)
8. Harry Potter “paralleling” Dickenson’s stories, Lebretch argues that Harry Potter uses Dickenson’s style of writing, which, like Harry Potter, also contains an orphan lead and “onomatopoetic names”.
(part, PC (containing inf), AC, NC)
9. According to Lebretch, readers love to read Harry Potter since J.K Rowling created him so that “he can do anything...yet remain sympathetic”.
(PC, NC, app, AC, part, NC)
10. Lebretch stresses that Harry Potter, the film, cannot capture all the magic of Hogwarts, “due to Hollywood’s [limits] of production”, causing him to believe that children “will imagine Harry Potter quite differently”.
Based on Heyva_Raddish7217’s summary of “The Moral Logic of Survivor Guilt” by Nancy Sherman.
1. AC, NC
Although Sherman questions the rationality behind Bonenburger’s shame over his friend’s death, she suggests that his circumstances infer that he feels subjective guilt.
2. app, AC
The author notes that Bonenburger, a veteran whose life was saved by Pulaski, feels significant guilt because he could not return the favor.
3. inf, adj.C
Sherman suggests that soldiers try to “impose moral order on chaos” by establishing a system in which they all have a mission to get out safely, which ultimately leads to disappointment when they don’t succeed.
4. adjC, NC
The author stresses that subjective guilt is associated with a sense of “responsibility,” which is what Bonenburger feels because he couldn’t prevent his friend’s death.
5. NC
Sherman argues that whether guilt is rational or subjective depends on whether a person could have done something other than what they did in order to change the outcome.
6. part/NC
Arguing that Bonenburger’s guilt isn’t completely irrational, Sherman introduces subjective guilt as an alternative diagnosis.
7. part/ AC
Citing soldiers’ reliance on one another, Sherman concludes that the guilt of losing a colleague warrants significant guilt.
8. adj C/NC/AC
While explaining the sacred “bond” of soldiers in the military, the author points out the self-entitled responsibility to keep one another safe that these men and women assume.
9.AC/NC
Sherman suggests that while Bonenburger shouldn’t feel directly responsible for his friend’s killing, his guilt isn’t entirely unwarranted.
10. NC
The author notes that a soldier’s guilt for a colleague’s death springs from the pack mentality used on the battlefield.
Based on Ellie Herman’s Op-Ed Article, “The Myth of the Extraordinary Teacher.”
(“AC” interrupted by an “AdjC” containing a “part”; “NC” containing an “inf” containing an “AC.”)
1) After seeing “data” from countries such as “Japan and Korea” which show these countries’ students scoring higher than American students, Herman believes this is connected to the fact that a “large percentage of” foreign kids have “after school tutoring” to make up for the “lack of individualized attention at school.”
(“Part”; PC interrupted by an “AC”; NC containing a “part.”)
2) Questioning the schooling method of having a myriad of students assigned to one teacher, Herman, from personal experience, feels that “after a teacher has 25” or more students in his/her classroom, “providing individual attention” is very tough.
(“AC”; “NC”; “abs”; “AC.”)
3) Because of the overcrowding in classrooms, Herman believes that this so-called “extraordinary teacher” cannot perform their extraordinary talents, such as giving students special attention, since there are too many students to handle.
(“AC” interrupted by an “abs.”; “Inf”; “AdjC”; “Inf”; “AdjC”)
4) In order “to teach their students,” Herman believes, teachers have to “know their students,” which requires teachers to not only be “extraordinary,” but also able to connect with the children, who “often need more” than teachers can supply.
(“AC”; “PC”; “Part”)
5) Because there are kids with “learning disabilities,” foreign students, “kids with behavioral issues” and kids who come into class halfway through a lesson, Herman doesn’t feel like putting up with her 31 students, seeing as there are just too many.
(“Part”; “app”; “AdjC”)
6) Looking at foreign countries with “high academic achievement,” Arne Duncan, Secretary of Education, has the notion that the “the millions of dollars used to reduce class size” was a bad idea, since “the best thing you can do is get children in front of an extraordinary teacher.”
(“PC” interrupted by an “AC” containing a “NC”; Ends with “AC.”)
7) Herman, who sees people have the common viewpoint that all you need is a “superstar teacher,” and his/her teaching will be equally effective, regardless of how many students are in the classroom, thinks of that particular notion as a “fantasy.”
(“PC”; “AC” containing a “NC” interrupted by an “AC”;
8) Herman’s “biggest problem with the myth of the extraordinary teacher,” is because it states that even if kids are messing around in class, as long as there’s an extraordinary teacher, the “nature” of each student and the number of students “are apparently immaterial.”
(“PC”; “NC”; “AC”; “AdjC”;)
9) Herman feels that “especially our children growing up in poverty” deserve to not only have an extraordinary teacher, but a teacher who can connect with them at a personal level, which cannot be done due to the number of kids in a single class.
(“PC”; “Inf”; “AdjC”; “AC”;)
10) Herman promises that she will work hard as she can “to be an excellent teacher,” but feels that she won’t have the opportunity to if America “continues to slash budgets, and cut teachers,” which is what is happening in California, “despite our claim of excellence,” and until we stop it, there will never be equal education in this country.
1. Absolute: Mighton believes that math needs to be taught to students in a way that makes them see how numbers work in real life, like using his gambling example.
2. Adverb Clause: Although math is very competive in schools, Mighton say healthy competition is like “climbing a mountain together.”
3. App/Infinitive: Jump, a new math curriculum, is used to help many students, previously deemed “slow,” become “top” students.
4. Adverb Clause: Jump has helped eliminate the “hierarchy” in math classes by breaking down math, and helping building the confidence of students.
5. Adj. Clause: The Jump curriculum, which is used in Canada and England, has had drastic effects on students participating in it.
6. Adj. Clause: Hierarchy in math, which used to be ignored, is now being addressed because of John Mighton.
7. Infinitive: In order to stop the learning curve, we need to start addressing kids needs in school, and stop writing them off as a failed attempt.
8. App.: Separating the steps from the problem, or breaking it down more, is the most affective way to help “slow” kids understand math.
9. Adverb Clause: Because of the learning curve in math, John Mighton invented Jump, which is now in use in Canada and England.
10. AdClause.: Although Jump has worked wonders in Canada and England, trying to get it into the US is taking a long time.
1. Absolute: Mighton believes that math needs to be taught to students in a way that makes them see how numbers work in real life, like using his gambling example.
2. Adverb Clause: Although math is very competive in schools, Mighton say healthy competition is like “climbing a mountain together.”
3. App/Infinitive: Jump, a new math curriculum, is used to help many students, previously deemed “slow,” become “top” students.
4. Adverb Clause: Jump has helped eliminate the “hierarchy” in math classes by breaking down math, and helping building the confidence of students.
5. Adj. Clause: The Jump curriculum, which is used in Canada and England, has had drastic effects on students participating in it.
6. Adj. Clause: Hierarchy in math, which used to be ignored, is now being addressed because of John Mighton.
7. Infinitive: In order to stop the learning curve, we need to start addressing kids needs in school, and stop writing them off as a failed attempt.
8. App.: Separating the steps from the problem, or breaking it down more, is the most affective way to help “slow” kids understand math.
9. Adverb Clause: Because of the learning curve in math, John Mighton invented Jump, which is now in use in Canada and England.
10. AdClause.: Although Jump has worked wonders in Canada and England, trying to get it into the US is taking a long time.
Bad Sentence 1.(errors: AS, WV ? ): a boy with magic powers is being mistreated by his aunt and uncle giving him no food when he misbehaves, so he tries hard not to misbehave
(+) Free of errors: Harry Potter's aunt and uncle mistreat him by not giving him food when he misbehaves, so he always tries to stay on his best behavior.
Bad Sentence 2.(errors: AS, WV ? ): The incidents where Lennie kills mice easily are foreshadowing when Lennie kills the puppy because it shows that he can easily kill things.
(+) Free of errors: Lennie killing mice foreshadows him killing the puppy by making it clear he can kill small animals easily.
Bad Sentence 3.(errors: Nounif. AS WV ? ):The people who do a lot of labor on the farm think Curley's wife is a "tart", having the belief that she is married only to get money.
(+) Free of errors: The farmers believe that Curley's wife's a "tart," believing that she married Curley for his money.
Bad Sentence 4.(errors: PV, WV ? ): The gun was taken by George, leading everyone to believe Lennie took it when he ran away.
(+) Free of errors: George took the gun, making everyone think Lennie took it when he ran away.
Bad Sentence 5.(errors: PV, WV, AS ? ):Mr. Antolini was having his hand on the main character's head, making the main character feel uncomfortable, then leading the main character to run away from the awkward situation like he always does.
(+) Free of errors: Mr. Antolini strokes Holden's head, making Holden feel very uncomfortable, leading him to run away from yet another uncomfortable situation.
Bad Sentence 6.(errors: AS, WV ? ): The sharp piece of medal that belongs to Gryffindor is a symbol because those only brave enough are able to use it.
(+) Free of errors: The sword symbolizes Gryffindor because those only brave enough to use it against their fear, can use it.
Bad Sentence 7.(errors: WV, Nounif. ? ): Romeo being able to abandon his friends to see Juliet, shows that he cares for her.
(+) Free of errors: Romeo abandoning his friends to see Juliet shows he cares for her.
Bad Sentence 8.(errors:PV, WV ? ): The blame was taken by Gatsby when he said that he hit and killed Myrtle, when actually Daisy did it, showing that he truly cares and loves Daisy.
(+) Free of errors: Gatsby took the blame when Daisy hit and killed Myrtle, showing that he truly loves and cares for Daisy.
Bad Sentence 9.(errors: AS, WV ? ): The jealous husband of the female main character, is seeing Gatsby stair passionately at Daisy one day, realizing that Gatsby is in love with her, and obviously gets so enraged by this.
(+) Free of errors: Tom, a very jealous husband, sees Gatsby stair passionately at Daisy one day, and gets very enraged by Gatsby's feelings.
Bad Sentence 10.(errors: WV, AS ? ): The main male character cares for Marlena by showing it when August, Marlena's husband, is hitting her and the main male character stands up to him.
(+) Free of errors: Jacob shows he cares for Marlena when August hits her and he stands up to August.
AC, App
When Norm Stamper, a 34-year veteran police officer, states that people should have the same right to use “verboten drugs” as they have “to suck on a Marlboro,” he’s suggesting that smoking a cigarette is just as bad as using drugs.
NC, PC
Stamper argues that the “imprisonment of drug offenders has led to a major increase in our prison population,” indicating that if drugs were legal, there would be more room in jail for actual criminals.
AC, Inf
Since, Stamper states, “America’s demand for illegal drugs is not going” to go away, he implies that drug use will be a never-ending problem that won’t stop even if drugs are illegal.
AdjC, PC
Stamper, who wants drugs to be legal, argues that people “are not about to stop, no matter what their government does,” suggesting that it won’t make a difference if drugs are legal or not.
AP, NC, AdjC
Shapiro reveals that The Globe, where Shapiro worked, has the “editor bribe and black mail government officials” for information, proving that though they may come off as innocent press, tabloids are just as scandalous as the news they print.
AdjC, Inf
Linkof states that tabloids, which always cross the line, only have to go immoral “because of the public desire to find a story that shows behind the façade of public life,” proving that it’s the public’s fault for having the tabloids pull illegal stunts.
Abs, NC, PC
Linkof, his article defending tabloids, states that some people think tabloids “supply idiotic gossip,” suggesting that tabloids aren’t for everyone.
Abs, AC
When Linkof argues that “tabloids are often first to break important news stories,” his theory is that people wouldn’t know the top stories if they didn’t have tabloids around.
AC, App
Since tabloids, gossip magazines, “exist to break down the barriers of access that keep social elites at a remove from ordinary people,” Linkof suggests that the “ordinary” people reading a magazine feel good about themselves knowing celebrities are just like them.
AdjC, PC,
Linkof argues that tabloids, which he defends, “certainly never claim to be tasteful,” implying that they are not hiding the fact that they do things illegally to get news.
Based on Dick Cavett's "Waiting (and Waiting) in the Wings"
1. AC, APP,
As Dick Cavett, a writer and actor, explains how hard “self-pity hits” when he finds out that an understudy will play for the lead, but then counter-balances that as the understudy had a wonderful performance.
2. APP, ADJ C,
Cavett, looking at the performer’s point of view, shows how “dismal” it is to hear the disappointment in the audiences’ voices when they hear the mention of the performer’s name.
3. AC, APP,
As the understudy takes his final bow, Cavett praises him as he has “gotten through the performance with distinction.”
4.PART, ADJ C,
Discussing tricky shows like “Mormon,” “which is not a show for dummies”, Cavett remarks that “South Park” is a show for dummies.
5. PART, AC,
Praising Gertner’s performance, Cavett explains that Gertner will move on from being a stand-by, as he reaches back to the “skilled vaudeville comedians of another time.”
6. AC, ADJ C
As the author discusses about actors and understudies, he also describes all the work that produces each performance as “allusions abound.”
7. APP, AC interrupted by NC, interrupted by ADJ C,
Cavett, a thoughtful man said“the evening has touching, tender moments,” as he notices that the actors seem to be having the time of their lives, which is what Cavett calls “the magic.”
8. AC, INF
Even though Cavett attends theater performances often, he always can find something new in every experience.
9. ABS, ADJ C interrupted by AC,
The piece coming to a close, Cavett concludes that leaving an awesome performance, you feel open minded, which Cavett describes as “exhilarated, renewed, uplifted and full of something alarmingly to faith.”
10. AC, Participle, AC
After wondering about the two for a bit, theater/performances (in general) relate to the “virtues of going to church” as you leave both of those things with an open mind.
Assignment #2
Based on zachattackedthek3mper’s Summary on “Waiting (and Waiting) in the Wings” by Dick Cavett:
1. PC, app, AdjC
Dick Cavett explained that “The Book of Mormon,” a new Broadway show, is “remarkable work,” which continue[s] to shock everyday Broadway audiences.
2. abs,PC, AC
Still raving about the show, Cavett proposes that because of how wonderfully the production carries all of Broadway’s favorite past times, this production is a “virtual encyclopedia.”
3. PC, AC, inf
Cavett is disappointed when he finds out he will be watching an “understudy,” but soon starts to appreciate the actor’s work.
4. PC, NC, part
Cavett was surprised that the understudy “won the hearts of the audience,” but finds himself proposing that the understudy will “not be a stand-by forever.”
5. AC, PC, app
As he tried to figure out what made the show, The Book of Mormon, so successful, he analyzed how the jokes and “themes” affected the “audience.”
6. AC, inf, PC
Cavett says that even though the show proceeds to “joke” about “race,” “religion,” and other usual touchy subjects, this show does it in a way that is “okay.”
7. PC, NC, part
He felt the jokes were done in “mysterious alchemy whereby truths and profundities somehow come through all the frivolity and escapism,” believing this to be the reason why they were okay.
8. AC, inf, NC
He suggests that even though this show is about “religion,” it conveys to all viewers, which is “ironic” because it’s and to convey religion to everyone.
9. app, PC, AC
He says that “traditional faiths, religious hypocrisy, and corrupt religiosity,” some of the show’s many themes, leaves you feeling “uplifted” and full of something “alarmingly akin to faith,” when you see it.
10. PC, AdjC, inf
Cavett argues that all the themes have something “ingeniously tricky” in common, which causes you to feel spiritual.
*I’m sorry that my assignment is late.
Summer Writing Skills Assignment 2 5857
1. (AP) Azoth, a guild rat, wants to apprentice with a master assassin.
2. (IN) Azoth needs to kill Rat in order to gain Master Blint’s approval.
3. (AB) Laughing at Azoth’s task to kill him, he didn’t realize the needle tipped with poison that was shoved into his neck.
4. (AB) Speeding through the air, the knife embedded itself in the man’s chest.
5. (AB) The guard started to attack his allies, his body reacting to the poison.
6. (AB) Still thinking about how ridiculous Azoth’s statement of killing him had been, he finally started feeling the numbness of the poison coursing through him.
7. (AP) Rat, a horrible guild master, realized that Azoth had actually poisoned him.
8. (AP) Durzo Blint, a master assassin, decides to accept Azoth as an apprentice.
9. (IN) Azoth needs to give up his old life and take up a new identity to becoe an assassin.
10. (AB) Taking up his new name, Kylar, he rides out to begin his new life.
Based on “The Myth of the Extraordinary Teacher” by Ellie Herman and “College: Expensive, But a Smart Choice” by Michael Greenstone and Adam Looney and “The Hahamongna question” by Sue Horton
AC/App/PC
Even though Ellie Herman, a teacher in LAUSD, manages to teach her class of 31, she still struggles with giving each one of her students individual attention.
Inf/PC/AC
Herman wants to supply kids with “a teacher who has time to read their work,” believing that classes should be smaller even though many countries receive high test scores from their large classes.
NC/App/PC/P
Herman criticizes that the “myth of the extraordinary teacher” doesn’t take into account the “nature and number of students” in a teacher’s classroom, ignoring the teacher’s well being entirely.
P/NC/PC
Slamming the country’s budget cuts, Herman concludes that teachers won’t excel if the country “continues to slash education budgets and cut teachers.”
NC/AC/PC/Abs
Herman recognizes that even though Finland has the highest test scores in the world with “average class sizes in the 20s,” America, it’s idea still set on one perfect teacher, continues to pack classrooms full of students.
AdjC/PC/Part
Ellie Herman, who feels pressured by her rising class number, responds to her students essays with “a rubric emphasizing four or five qualities,” spending only “five to ten minutes” on each one.
Part/NC/PC
Based on their studies, Michael Greenstone and Adam Looney concluded that more “education” results to better “job prospects and future earnings.”
Part/NC/Inf/PC
Noticing nature’s struggle to survive the conditions of the Hahamongna basin, Sue Horton realizes that Humans need to stop “paving riverbeds, damming streams” and rather adapt to nature.
App/NC/PC
Sue Herman, who constantly visits the Hahamongna basin, appreciates that the organisms in the area have adapted to the “periodic catastrophic disturbances.”
Although the amount of sediment could cause a devastating flood, Herman argues that time be taken before removing the sediment, which has brought an abundance of local species, from the Hahamongna basin.
*Please forgive me for my lateness.
Based on “Does it Still Matter?” by Richard Stengel
+Sentence 1- AC, PC (containing app, NC, and inf)
Because the Framers of the Constitution could not foresee the issues of “airplanes, the atom, [and] Medicare,” to name a few, occurring in the future, Richard Stengel, the author of “Does it Still Matter?,” asserts that the Constitution needs revision to modernize.
+Sentence 2- inf, PC, inf, AC
According to Stengel, to make “illegal immigration… harder and less desirable,” the U.S. needs “to make legal immigration easier, faster, and cheaper” by, for example, “grant[ing] legal status to undocumented young people who enter college or join the military, and stapl[ing] a green card to every engineering degree earned by a foreign-born national.”
+Sentence 3- AC, interrupted by AdjC and inf, (containing NC), PC (containing NC)
As “checks and balances,” which purposely create a “disorderly government” to “forestall any one branch from having too much influence,” show that “the framers weren’t afraid of a little messiness” in the government, Stengel believes that “we shouldn’t be so delicate about changing the Constitution.”
+Sentence 4- part, (containing NC), PC, AC, AdjC
“Argu[ing] that” the U.S.’s military action “in Libya does not meet the threshold of hostilities” listed in “the War Powers Resolution,” President Obama, according to Stengel, “balance[s] this” “legislation” by simply “ignoring it,” which is “not unconstitutional.”
+Sentence 5- part (containing NC), PC (containing NC, inf)
Knowing that the U.S. “was… and still is formed by immigration,” Stengel finds it strange that the U.S. “makes it constitutionally impossible for” an immigrant “to run for president.”
+Sentence 6- PC, (containing NC), Abs, (containing NC)
“Critics,” according to Stengel, “have argued that Obama’s Health Care Act takes government power to unprecedented- and unconstitutional- levels,” their arguments forgetting that “there’s nothing in the Constitution that restricts the government from asking” the people “to do something or buy something or pay a tax.”
+Sentence 7- Abs, (containing NC, then App), PC, (containing NC), AC
His eyes rolling when reminded that “Obama and Joe Biden,” “then Senators,” had “voted against” then current-President Bush’s need “to raise the debt limit in 2006,” Stengel sarcastically explains that “the debate over raising the debt ceiling is mostly cable-T.V. playacting” where “the party out of power is always against raising the debt limit, and the party in power is always for it.”
+Sentence 8- PC, interrupted by App, Adjc, (containing NC)
Stengel explains that “the 14th Amendment…, a response to the Black Codes passed by Southern States,” reversed “the infamous Dred Scott decision…, which asserted that African Americans… could never be U.S. citizens and were therefore not entitled to Constitutional protections.”
+Sentence 9- AC, PC, (containing NC), AC, (containing NC, inf)
“Despite… 10 congressmen… have sued the President for violating the War Powers Resolution,” Stengel believes that “this matter will not end up in the Supreme Court” because, in Stengel’s opinion, “Congress” only worries that “the President” will “decid[e]… to send troops to places like Libya… in a way that” will “make… it[self] look superfluous and impotent.”
+Sentence 10- PC, interrupted by NC and inf, inf
Stengel explains that “Congress, fe[eling] manipulated and deceived and want[ing] to affirm its power as the war-declaring body,” created “the War Powers Resolution… to counteract what [now ex-Presidents] Nixon and Johnson… had done in Vietnam.”
Sorry. I just returned from the Yellowtone and Grand Teton National Parks yesterday where I have had zero internet access. Please understand that today was the soonest I could have turned in this assignment.
1) (AS/WV) Once the bridge opens into the yard, the guards may start guarding the entry way to the castle.
2) (PC/PC) All over the garden were many rose pedals in many different shapes and colors.
3) (PC/WV) When I went to the island, many different fish swam by my feet while I relaxed in the crisp ocean.
4) (N/WV) Every time I go to the mall, I make sure to check out the great sales at all of the stores.
5) (AS/N) All the stores in the mall were closed, so we had to find a different activity to do.
6) (WV/WV) My friends put together a surprise party for me at my house and it was so much fun.
7) (PC/WV) I learned that if you drink coffee ever day, the chance of developing breast cancer is less.
8) (AS/AS) The blanket was falling off me in the night, so I was cold until the next morning.
9) (N/PC) My friend likes to swim, so she bought a nice swimsuit from the store.
10) (WV/PC) I got sun burnt at the beach and had to wear aloe Ver for the following week.
Based on Matthew Sirpis’s article “Should Students Have to Wear School Uniforms?”
1. Inf. Pc. Ac
In order to summarize his point Siripis concluded that students wished for “individuality,” “freedom,” and “comfort,” which shows that the school seems to restrict the students from the limits of clothing they can wear.
2. Pc with Part. Abs
Siripis stating that “school districts try to make everyone look the same,” points out that the students couldn’t express themselves.
3. Pc interrupted by App. AdjC
Families, that have children wearing uniforms, tend to “pay double the amount of money” for clothes, which is a total disadvantage to buy “additional clothing wear after school and on the weekends.”
App. Part. Nc
Aside the disadvantages of school uniforms, the author believed that they can “help break barriers between socioeconomic groups,” which is exceptional as it helps tolerate students from deriving or excluding others based on their economic state.
5. Ac. Part. Abs
Sirpis explained that once a student wears a uniform, it “shows which school [he/she] came from,” revealing neighboring schools may pick fights, it can lead to creating a rival school.
Pc interrupted by App. Abs.
Ironically, “schools teach students that our country is a free one,” Sirpis stated, as teachers remind them the philosophy of the country’s freedom, the students get “curtailed” to the idea of their freedom as they wear the uniform.
Pc interrupted by Nc. Part.
Whether they are disliked or not Siripis believes the school uniforms “set the example of the school” and “represents the community,” in which the school depends on the students’ attitudes to reveal how good (or bad) their reputation is.
8. Pc with Inf. Part.
To discourage gang activity and preventing fights, Sirpis explained that “having a uniform stops gang members from displaying their colors and garb.”
Pc. App. Nc
Young students, at this generation tend to follow what’s in, often lead to “arguments about who has the latest fashion,” as Sirpis thought wearing a uniform can extinguish that sense of competition.
10. Pc with Part. Ac
Siripis agreed that “students/kids should have to wear school uniform,” however he added, “only until college is when it should stop” because he believe by them people shouldn’t care what tohers wer “ld enough to know not to take the pee out of what people wear.
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